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Several clinical studies will continue to investigation PD-1 inhibition in renal cell carcinoma, explains Brian I. Rini, MD. A large phase I study showed modest activity with nivolumab as a single-agent, with questions regarding a maximum tolerated dose still lingering.
The next wave of research will focus on combination strategies, specifically looking at nivolumab with a TKI, such as sunitinib or pazopanib. The most intriguing combination involves nivolumab and ipilimumab. This approach has shown promising activity for patients with melanoma, Rini notes.
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